Ubuntu 16.04 系统调优

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一个偷懒的脚本解决战斗

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#!/bin/sh
#
#    purge-old-kernels - remove old kernel packages
#    Copyright (C) 2012 Dustin Kirkland <kirkland@ubuntu.com>
#
#    Authors: Dustin Kirkland <kirkland@ubuntu.com>
#             Kees Cook <kees@ubuntu.com>
#
#    This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
#    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
#    the Free Software Foundation, version 3 of the License.
#
#    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
#    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
#    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
#    GNU General Public License for more details.
#
#    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
#    along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 
# Ensure we're running as root
if [ "$(id -u)" != 0 ]; then
    echo "ERROR: This script must run as root.  Hint..." 1>&2
    echo "  sudo $0 $@" 1>&2
    exit 1
fi
 
# NOTE: This script will ALWAYS keep the currently running kernel
# NOTE: Default is to keep 2 more, user overrides with --keep N
KEEP=2
# NOTE: Any unrecognized option will be passed straight through to apt
APT_OPTS=
while [ ! -z "$1" ]; do
    case "$1" in
        --keep)
            # User specified the number of kernels to keep
            KEEP="$2"
            shift 2
        ;;
        *)
            APT_OPTS="$APT_OPTS $1"
            shift 1
        ;;
    esac
done
 
# Build our list of kernel packages to purge
CANDIDATES=$(ls -tr /boot/vmlinuz-* | head -n -${KEEP} | grep -v "$(uname -r)$" | cut -d- -f2- | awk '{print "linux-image-" $0 " linux-headers-" $0}' )
for c in $CANDIDATES; do
    dpkg-query -s "$c" >/dev/null 2>&1 && PURGE="$PURGE $c"
done
 
if [ -z "$PURGE" ]; then
    echo "No kernels are eligible for removal"
    exit 0
fi
 
apt $APT_OPTS remove --purge $PURGE

替换 Firefox 为国内版

火狐自 Quantum 之后的版本在 Linux 上的体验都很棒，火狐通行证的同步也很方便，不过 Ubuntu 自带的火狐是国际版本，个人感觉不如国内版的同步速度快，所以就研究了下替换国内版的操作。

1. 下载国内版火狐

via: Firefox-latest-x86_64.tar.bz2

2. 重命名系统自带

sudo mv /usr/lib/firefox /usr/lib/firefox.bak

3. 解压下载的文件放到/usr/lib/firefox

sudo cp firefox /usr/lib/

4. 复制原 Firefox 启动脚本

sudo cp /usr/lib/firefox.bak/firefox.sh /usr/lib/firefox

5. 复制原 dictionaries 软链接[可不做]

sudo cp /usr/lib/firefox.bak/dictionaries /usr/lib/firefox

6. 删除原默认配置文件

rm -rf ~/.mozilla

安装一些版权受限的软件

sudo apt-get install ubuntu-restricted-extras

换个趁手的oh-my-zsh

http://ohmyz.sh/ sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.github.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

右键添加打开终端的选项

sudo apt-get install nautilus-open-terminal

似乎15.04开始这个package自带了～

某些应用indicator图标无法正常显示问题

sudo apt-get install python-appindicator

更改Chromium浏览器缓存到/tmp

sudo vi /etc/chromium-browser/default 改路径到/tmp

# Default settings for chromium-browser. This file is sourced by /bin/sh from
# /usr/bin/chromium-browser

# Options to pass to chromium-browser
CHROMIUM_FLAGS="--disk-cache-dir=/tmp/Chromium/"

收工～啥？还在用火狐？启动那么慢能忍受么。。。

利用tmpfs文件系统（要求RAM>4G）

sudo vi /etc/fstab 新起一行，写入以下内容

# temporary directories 
tmpfs /tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777  0 0 
tmpfs /var/tmp tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777 0 0 
tmpfs /var/spool tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=1777 0 0 
# log directories  
tmpfs /var/log tmpfs defaults,noatime,mode=0755 0 0

调swappiness值

关于swap的介绍，挺详细 https://help.ubuntu.com/community/SwapFaq 我机器内存够大，所以基本上是不分swap分区的 sudo gedit /etc/sysctl.conf Search for vm.swappiness and change its value as desired. If vm.swappiness does not exist, add it to the end of the file like so: vm.swappiness=10 内存如果够大，这里完全可以设为0，或者干脆干掉swap分区，机智如我～

关于磁盘分区格式的选择

  • 我只分三个/efi fat16 # 100MB左右足够、/ ext4 # 20GB左右和/home ext4 #剩余空间全给，如果是SSD，格式换为btrfs
  • 要不要swap分区？我的选择是不要，因为物理内存足够大，就算不够用，可以随时用swapfile启用，用完再删即可

截图工具的选择

我比较喜欢用深度截图工具，简单好用 deepin-scrot_2.0-0deepin_all.deb

sudo dpkg -i deepin-scrot_2.0-0deepin_all.deb
sudo apt-get -f install

然后设定快捷键呼出ctrl+alt+A system-settings --> keyboard --> custom shortcuts添加command deepin-scrot %u绑定ctrl+alt+A

禁用系统bug报告弹窗

bug报告本来是好事，但无奈弹的太多了些，多数情况除了影响心情外，并没有什么卵用，所以需要禁用之： sudo vi /etc/default/apport

# set this to 0 to disable apport, or to 1 to enable it
# you can temporarily override this with
# sudo service apport start force_start=1
enabled=0

更改普通用户密码为简单密码

系统默认策略不允许普通用户设定简单密码，所以如果想要设定简单密码的话，可以先切到root然后再换

sudo -i
passwd uersname

安装deb二进制包

可以简单的双击安装， 或者命令行

sudo dpkg -i xxx.deb
sudo apt-get -f install

百度网盘bcloud

https://github.com/LiuLang/bcloud

为知笔记

http://blog.wiz.cn/downloads-mac-linux.html

wineQQ

http://www.ubuntukylin.com/application/show.php?lang=cn&id=279

WPS

http://www.ubuntukylin.com/application/show.php?lang=cn&id=278

正常挂载exfat分区

sudo apt-get install exfat-utils

搜狗输入法

http://pinyin.sogou.com/linux/?r=pinyin

ffmpeg package

https://launchpad.net/~mc3man/+archive/ubuntu/trusty-media

nodejs&&hexo

https://nodejs.org/en/ 默认的NPM太慢，可以转投淘宝镜像

优秀的markdown编辑器

现在转用这个了：https://typora.io

remarkableapp.github.io

git可视化比较工具

External-Merge-and-Diff-Tools

局域网同步神器BitTorrent Sync

软件主页 扫盲 需要注意的几个设置选项如图 DeepinScrot-5830.png

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